Improvement in cultivators



N. IDE.

Wheel-Cultivator.

No. 4.459. Patented Apr. 18, 1846 N.PEYERS. PMOTO-UTEOGRAPHER.WASHINGTON. D c.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

NATHAN IDE, OF SHELBY, NEW YORK.

IMPROVEMENT IN CULTIVATORS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 4,159, dated April 18,18*6.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that l, NATHAN IDE, of Shelby, in the county of Orleans and,State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement inWheel-Cultivators; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full,clear, and exact description of the principle or character thereof whichdistinguishes it from all other things before known, and of the mannerof making, constructing, and using the same, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings, making part of this specification, in which-Figure l is a plan; Fig. 2, a plan of the cultivator reversed; Fig. 3, avertical section taken at the line X X of Fig. 1, and Figs. 4 and 5front and back views of one of the teeth.

The same letters indicate like parts in all the figures.

The nature of my invention consists in the arrangement of thecultivator-teeth in two rows, one back and the other front, when this iscombined with a pair of sustaining and carrying wheels, thebearing-points of which are i in a line midway between the two rows ofteeth, so that any tendency which one row of teeth may have to out toodeep is resisted by the weight of earth on the other row, the head ofthe wheels between them acting as the fulcrum, so that the team by thismeans is entirely relieved of any strain which it otherwise would haveto sustain in consequence of the motion of the beam upand down as theteeth run too deep or too shallow. By this arrangement the necessity forguiding-handles or the employment of four wheels is entirely dispensedwith.

In all the cnltivators heretofore used with which 1 am acquainted, whentwo wheels only have been used the attendant must guide the instrumentby means of the handles, which is a very laborious operation, withoutavoiding the strain on the team by the tendency of the teeth to run inor out of the earth, and when three or four wheels are employed to avoidthis strain and relieve the attendant of the labor of guiding the teethdo not follow the slight inequalities of the surface of the ground, forwhen either the front or rear wheels pass over a slight elevation theteeth are necessarily drawn partly out of the earth, which increases theresistance and renders the operation on the soil less perfect; but by myimproved arrangement all these difficulties are avoided,

and as I employ large wheels, which extend considerably above the uppersurface of the frame, by turning the whole implement upside down itanswers the purpose of a cart in going to or from the field.

The machine consists of an oblong square frame five feet three inches bytwo feet six inches. The two rails F F, five feet three inches long, arethree inches square, of white oak or other timber suitable for suchpurpose. The cross rails at each end, H H, are three inches by two,framed so as to be flush on the upper side with the rails F F. Withinsaid frame are four diagonal rails, G G, to receive the teeth d. The twomiddle ones are one foot three inches apart at the back rail, and forman angle that they meet five inches from where they enter the frontrail. The other two rails are framedparallel to these, one on each side,and eleven inches from those already described. Into these four railsjust described are fixed seven teeth, a a, of the following shape and inthe following manner. The teeth are one and a quarter inch square wherethey go through the rails, and are fastened with a screw-nut on theupper side. Theyproject be low the frame twelve inches perpendicularly;but the Whole length ofthe tooth below the rails is fourteen inches,gradually curving forward until the point enters the ground at an angleof twenty degrees, or thereabout. The point of the tooth may becircular, pointed, or square. Five inches from the point the tooth isfive inches wide, and roundingin front in the crosssection about aninch, from whence it diminishes to one and a halt inch at the shoulderat the under side of therails. inch and a quarter thick at the shoulder,and diminishes to an edge at the point. On the back of the tooth is abrace, 73, four inches of the upper section of which is welded to thetooth. This brace is one and a quarter inch square at the upper end, andten inches long and tapering to apoint at the lower end. The object ofthis brace is to strengthen the tooth The tooth is one and form a'substantial shoulder. The tooth is made of wrough t-iron and pointedwith steel.

The teeth are placed in the frame in the following manner: one in themiddle, where the two middle rails are united, four inches from thefront rail; two more in front in the crosspieces, four inches from thefront rail; and one in each of the four cross-rails, G G, four inches infront of the hind rail.

There are two wheels, B B, attached to the machine, one on each side,two feet six inches in diameter, placed on an axle, c c, composed of twopieces, so as to admit the tongue. The axle is placed eleven inches fromthe front of the frame to the center of the axis. Said axle is two and ahalf inches square, and is attached to the frame by two screw-bolts, cld, on each side, about ten inches long, between the frame of the machineand the axle. On these bolts are three small blocks of wood, E, aboutone inch thick and three inches in diameter, which can be removed atpleasure from the upper to the under side to regulate the depth to whichthe teeth shall cut in the ground. The horses or other power is attachedto the machine by a tongue, 0, similar to a wagontongue, about nine feetand a half long from the front of the frame, and is halved and bolted onthe upper side of the hind rail, and is fixed to the front rail by astaple, k, passing over the tongue and through the front rail, with twoscrew-nutsontheundersideoftherail. Apiece of timber, m, is put betweenthe front rail and the tongue, and by the thickness of this the tongueds made of proper height for the team.

The machine is used to cultivate and prepare anylands forgrowing anykindof farming produce. With one team of horses ten acres of land can beonce gone over in a day, and by the use of this fnachine all noxiousweeds are easily destroyed. The use of this machine cheapens the cost ofcultivating lands for crops over any mode in use known to the inventorat least forty per cent. The lands being cultivated to uniform depth,crops are not so liable to be damaged by post-heaving. Lands should beonce plowed before using this machine.

The treads of the wheels B B are midway between the points of the tworows of teeth, as is distinctly pointed out in the section Fig. 3.

What ,I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,is-- Thearrangement of the teeth in two rows, in combination with a pairof wheels the treads of which are in aline midway between the points ofthe tworows of teeth, substantially as described.

NATHAN IDE.

Witnesses:

SILAS M. BURROUGHS, JOHN M. OULVER.

